Often, shipping container condensation can become one of the worst threats all container users face at some point. But what is this condensation exactly?
Shipping container condensation refers to the build-up of moisture inside a shipping container due to the temperature and humidity differences between the inside and outside of the container. It can cause the products you store to rot quickly and become damaged, dirty, or even unusable during the trip.
Containers can condense if the walls are colder than the dew point of the air inside. This is because containers are made of steel, and the temperature of the air inside can change rapidly depending on weather changes and other external factors.
As the temperature drops, moisture in the air condenses into water droplets on the surface, leading to potential issues like rust, mold growth, and damage to goods stored inside. If not prevented and handled properly, condensation can be detrimental to your business. Therefore, read this article for tips!
The Disadvantages Caused by Shipping Container Condensation
Shipping container condensation can cause several disadvantages for your business such as damaging the goods. Products inside the container can suffer water damage, especially if they are not properly packaged or are sensitive to moisture (e.g., electronics, clothes, or food).
If exposed to moisture over time, the metal walls of the container can rust, weakening the structure. Condensation can also lead to mold growth, especially in wooden crates or fabric-based items. Mold can cause health issues and further damage to goods.
What Affects Container Condensation?
The amount of condensation in the container body is highly dependent on the following:
Temperature
The temperature in the container varies greatly depending on the transportation route during morning and night. When a container is moved from a cold environment to a warmer one (or vice versa), the air inside may cool or warm quickly, leading to condensation.
Air Space
The more air space in the open air in the container, the more air content in the air. This is what makes condensation more likely to occur.
Ventilation
Containers that are sealed tightly without ventilation are more prone to condensation because moisture cannot escape. Without airflow, the warm, moist air inside cannot be replaced by cooler, drier air from the outside. In some cases (depending on the route and temperature), inadequate ventilation can even result in moisture buildup. Airflow can help equalize the temperature inside and outside the container body.
Container Use
The way you treat your container during the packing process and during transit can reduce or even increase the possibility of condensation. This includes how often you open or close the door, or load and unload items.
Humidity Levels
If the humidity inside the container is high, condensation is more likely to occur when temperatures change. High humidity can come from wet goods, poor ventilation, or the container being sealed for long periods.
How to Prevent Condensation
To prevent condensation in shipping containers, here are several strategies to prevent condensation:
Ensure Proper Ventilation
Shipping containers often lack adequate airflow, which contributes to moisture build-up. Installing ventilation vents at the top or bottom of the container allows air to circulate and reduces the risk of condensation.
Use Desiccants
Desiccants like silica gel, activated charcoal, or calcium chloride can help absorb moisture from the air inside the container. These are especially useful for smaller shipments or if the container is going to be sealed for a long time. For larger or more sensitive shipments, portable dehumidifiers (if feasible) can help keep the moisture levels under control inside the container.
Insulate the Container
Insulating the inside of the container helps maintain a more stable internal temperature, reducing the chances of condensation forming when temperatures shift. You can install materials like spray foam or reflective thermal barriers to prevent the container’s metal walls from cooling quickly and causing condensation.
Keep the Container Dry
Ensure that the items stored in the container are dry before loading. Avoid loading wet goods as they will contribute to increased humidity inside the container. For more security, package goods in waterproof or moisture-resistant materials (e.g., shrink-wrap or plastic sheeting) to protect them from any internal moisture.
Use Vapor Barriers
Lining the interior of the container with a vapor barrier (such as plastic sheets) can prevent moisture from entering or escaping the container. Some shipping container owners use waterproof coatings on the interior walls to minimize the absorption of moisture.
Use Heat Pads or Heating Elements
Some containers are equipped with built-in climate control systems to maintain a specific temperature and prevent condensation. If yours is not, use low-wattage heat pads for extreme conditions (e.g., cold weather), low-wattage heat pads can be used inside the container to maintain a constant, warm temperature and reduce moisture accumulation.
Choose a Suitable Location for Storage
Select storage locations that are dry and well-ventilated. Avoid areas that are prone to heavy rainfall or humidity. Keeping the container off the ground, on a dry platform or wooden pallets, can help reduce moisture absorption from the ground.
Monitor and Maintain
Periodically inspect the inside of the container to ensure no excessive moisture is present, especially if the container is being used for long-term storage. Use moisture meters to monitor the humidity levels inside the container to detect any potential issues early.
Conclusion
Shipping container condensation is a common challenge, especially for long-term storage or international shipping. By combining these methods, you can significantly reduce the risk of condensation and protect the contents of your shipping container from moisture-related damage.
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